V. K. Ahluwalia epub Green Chemistry and the Environment

To sustain life, all living beings need energy and resources that are met by the environment. The welfare of humans and their continuing existence depends on the living environment. That being the case a healthy environment is the prerequisite for a healthy living. Activities, both natural and anthropogenic, have degraded the environment; however, the role played particularly by humans is the primary cause of the present deterioration of the environment. Deforestation, urbanization, soil erosion, water pollution, and air pollution are the noteworthy anthropogenic activities that illustrate the quality of environmental deterioration. Green Chemistry and Environment deals with the prevention and minimization of environmental pollution, based on the Twelve Principles of Green Chemistry. The book discusses the major forms of environmental pollution such as air, water, soil, radiation, and noise pollution; their causes; and prevention. Application of green chemistry as a tool in the production line for the development of environmentally benign products forms the core of the book. How the pollution caused by deforestation, agricultural activities, and industrial production can be mitigated is also discussed extensively. Table of Contents: 1. Green Chemistry and Understanding its Twelve Principles • Prevent Waste Formation • Designing Methods that Maximize Incorporation of All Materials • Synthetic Methodologies Should use and Generate Substances that Pose Little Harm to Humans and Environment• Preservation of Efficacy of Function While Reducing Toxicity • Using Auxiliary Substances Should be Made Unnecessary • Energy Requirements Should be Minimized • Raw Material or Feedstock Should be Renewable • Avoiding Unnecessary Derivatization • Catalytic Reagents Superior to Stoichiometric Reagents • Chemical Products Should not Persist in the Environment • Analytical Methodologies Monitored and Controlled Prior to Hazardous • Substance Formation Substances Chosen Should Minimize the Potential for Chemical Accidents 2. Planning a Green Synthesis 3. Metrics for Greenness of a Process 4. Products Synthesized using Principles of Green Chemistry • Synthesis of Caprolactam • Synthesis of 2-Acetyl Hydroquinone • Synthesis of Azo Compounds • Synthesis of Oximes Using Grindstone Chemistry • Synthesis of Aspirin • Synthesis of Biphenyls • Preparation of Grignard Reagents • Synthesis of Nitrites and Isonitrites • Synthesis of Adipic Acid, Catenol, and L-tryptophan from Glucose • Synthesis of Indigo • Synthesis of Prednisolone • Synthesis of Indirubin • Synthesis of Cephalosporins • Manufacture of Biodiesel • Synthesis of Ibuprofen • Synthesis of Paracetamol 5. Environmental Pollution • Pollution of Environmental Segments • Air Pollution in India • Control of Air Pollution • Water Pollution • Status of Coastal and Estuarine Pollution in India • Water Pollution and Health • Control of Water Pollution • River Water Pollution in India • Soil Pollution • Sources of Soil Pollution • Environmental Concerns of Soil Pollution • Harmful Effects of Soil Pollution • Soil Pollution and Health • Measures to Control Industrial Wastes • Effects of Improper Disposal of Hazardous Wastes ...